Romania

Following its transition from communism, Romania implemented a major reform of its health system to a social-insurance based system somewhat analogous to that of Germany. In return for a 13.5% payroll tax, citizens could expect free treatment for any condition, in addition to routine health screening and heavily subsidised prescription drugs. However, the high costs of this system has lead to huge financial deficits, leading to huge shortages of basic medical equipment, as well as increased bribery and waiting lists.

Reforms announced in 2006 would see the introduction of a new 'basic package' of coverage, and increased co-payments for treatment.

In line with its accession to the EU, Romania has instituted European standards of Good Manufacturing Standards in 2004, which resulted in a contraction of the domestic manufacturing capacity. Around 86% of demand is met by imports. Romania has been gradually phasing out tariffs on medicines, as part of its EU accession reforms.